Pancreatitis - Definition, Complications, Signs, Symptoms And Causes Of Pancreatitis
Pancreatitis
Pancreatitis Definitions - Pancreatitis is a condition of implamasi that cause pain where the pancreatic enzymes are activated in premature resulted in autodigestive from pancreas. may be acute to chronic pancreatitis with symptoms of severe or mild symptoms.
pancreatitis is a serious disease of the pancreas with an intensity that can range from relatively mild disorders and healed himself until the disease that runs fast and fatal that does not react to various treatment.
acute pancreatitis is a process of acute inflammation of the pancreas is about and is characterized by varying degrees of edema, hemorrhage and necrosis in the ACINI cells and blood vessels.
Anatomy Physiology Pancreatica Gland
Pancreatica gland is gland lies behind the stomach in front the lumbar vertebrae 1 and 2, composed of cells of alpha and beta. alpha cells produce the hormone glucagon, while beta cells produce the hormone insulin. the hormone insulin is a hormone that is administered for the treatment of diabetes, insulin is a protein that can be digested by the enzyme digestion takes part of the protein.
12 Symptoms And Signs Of Pancreatitis
- great up penetrate the abdominal pain lower back
- abdominal distensi
- vomiting
- bloating
- there are ekimosis
- bleeding
- hot
- agitation in weight loss
- hight temperature of body
- hypotension
- takipneu
- pain abdominal press
Causes Of Pancreatitis Or Pancreatitis etiology
a. Metabolic :
- alcoholism
- hiperlipoproteinemia
- hiperkalsemia
- drugs (for example : diuretic tiazid)
- genetic
b. Mechanical :
- trauma
- gallstones
- iatrogenic jejas
- jejas perioperatif
- endoscopic procedures with injecting a substance the color.
c. Vascular :
- shock
- artheroembolisme
- poliarteritis nodusa
d. Infection :
- parotitis (in)
- coxsackie virus
- mycoplasma pneumonia
Pathophysiology Of Pancreatic
pancreas be secretion a number of enzymes : amylase and lipase secreted in the form of temporary active protease, elastase and phospholipase secreted as proenzim which under normal circumstances has to be activated by trypsin in the duodenum. trypsin itself normally be active by duodenal enteropeptidase.
pathogenesis of acute pancreatitis is centered on the activities of trypsin is not appropriate in the pancreas, the active trypsin activates the kinin system as well as a clotting. the netto of result in the form of pancreatic implamasi and thrombosis, the characteristics of proteolysis include pancreatitis tissues, lipolysis, and bleeding occurs because the destructive pancreatic enzymes released from the cell asiner.
The Mechanism Proposed For The Activity Of Enzymes Of The Pancreas Include The Following :
1. Pancreatic Duct Obstruction
IE bile stone can be sandwiched in the ampulla vateri on proximal obstruction, enzyme rich fluid accumulates and raises jejas pancreatic parenkim. leukocytes in the network parenkim will release proimflamatorik cytokines that promote local inflammation and edema.
2. Primary Jejas Cells Asiner
this situation can be caused by damage due to virus (parotitis), drugs, trauma or ischemia.
3. The Septal Transportasi-Intracellular Proenzim
is exocrine enzymes of the pancreas are experiencing errors in direction, i.e. towards the lysosomes and not leading to secretion, hydrolysis of the proenzim in the lysosomes activity and will cause the release of enzymes.
4. Alcohol
alcohol can increase the jejas cells intracellular proenzim ride asiner passing in the wrong direction and the blockage of protein deposition of thickened and multiply inside the ducts so pancreatikum implamasi and local obstruction.
5. Hereditary Pancreatitis
marked by great pancreatitis rekuen moans and has already started since the age of the children, the disorder is caused by mutations of the gene line (line-derived cell buds) on :
a. gentripsinogen cationic cause lost somewhere on the inactivation of trypsin enzyme essential for itsef (an important security mechanism to regulate the activity of the enzyme trypsin).
b. serine protease inhibitor gene, kazal type I (SPINK I) which give rise to proteins that are defective so that it is no longer capable of showing the activity of trypsin.
the pancreas undergoes destruction anatomically and functionally replaces prog resit, with pancreas cells (cells of pancreatic asinine) normal connective tissue, the result of an attack of pancreatitis over and over again and the toxic effects of alcohol and the metabolite, then pressure in the pancreas will increase.
10 Complications Of Pancreatitis
- haemodynamic instability to shock
- pleura effusion
- acute renal failure
- hyperglycemia
- acidosis
- hipercalsemia
- hipomagnesemia
- bleeding pancreas
- infected necrosis
- obstruction column accompanied by necrosis
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