Local Anesthetic, General Anesthetic, Mechanism Of Action Of Local Anesthetic And General Anesthetic

Local Anesthetic, General Anesthetic, Mechanism Of Action Of Local Anesthetic And General Anesthetic

General Anesthetic 

anesthetic common is drugs that can induce anesthetic or narcoses (Greece : an = without, anesthetist = feeling), that the general state of depression that is reversible from various centers in the central nervous system (CNS), where feelings and consciousness removed, so somewhat similar to a state of stupor.

The Use Of General Anesthetic

the use of drugs in general surgery anesthetic to interrupt stimulation of pain (analgesia it has ) and block the Reflex reactions against surgery as well as for muscular relaxing.

Level-Level Narcotics

general anesthetic can depress the central nervous system (CNS) in successive halting terraced activity of various parts, know as level 4. I.E : 

1. Analgesia it has

consciousness is reduced, the pain is gone, and euphoria (sense of comfort) that accompanied the dreams similar to hallucinations.

2. Excitation

excitation is lost consciousness and anxiety.

3. Anesthesia 

breathing becomes shallow and rapid, regularly as sleep (belly breathing), eye movements and eye reflex is lost, and the muscles become limp.

4. The Lame of Sum-Sum Of The Bone

the work of the heart and breathing ceased (this level as far as possible avoided)

5. The Return Of Consciousness (recovery)

the return of awareness of recovery takes place following the reverse order from c to a.

Medicines General Anesthetic (Inhalation) 

1. ether
2. chloroform
3. trikloretilen  
4. halo-tan (floutane) 
5. nitric oxide (N2O) 
6. enflurane (ethran)
7. isofluren (forane)

Medicine General Anesthesia (injection)

1. propopol 
2. propanidida 
3. etomidat
4. ketamin 

Local Anesthetic

local anesthetic or substances the local flavor of the barrier was blocking medications are reversible neurological impulses forwarding to the central nervous system (CNS) that can reduce the pain, itching, or entities who feels chills.

local anesthetic who first discovered the cocaine, this substance is obtained from the leaves of Erythroxylon coca plants named, since the year 1892 developed local anesthetic drugs are synthetic and the first is procaine and benzocaine.

The Terms Local Anesthetic Drugs Are Good

• do not stimulate the network
• does not result in permanent damage to nerves against
• low systemic toxicity
• effective use of the injection or the use of local
• start time it works briefly for a period long enough
• are soluble in water and produces a stable solution.

Efficiency And Mechanism Of Action Of Local Anesthetic

local anesthetic mechanism is the center of the cell membrane, i.e. by blocking impulses by way of forwarding and increase the permeability of the cell membrane towards sodium ions, which are indispensable for a proper nerve function.

besides local anesthetic disrupts the function of all organs, where the induction occurs or the transmission of the impulses, so local anesthetic has the most important effect towards the central nervous system, autonomic nerve, neuromuscular, branches and all muscle tissue. 

The Use Of Local Anesthetic 

local anesthetic often used in parental for relieving pain locally in a injection. in order to extend its effect is often added a drug that collapses blood vessels (a vasoconstriction) such as adrenaline, for example lidicain composite 2%

Local Anesthetic Drug Classification :

1. Ester :

• benzocaine
• butacaine
• oksibuprocaine
• procaine 
• tetracaie 

2. Amide Compounds :

• bupivacaine
• cinchocaine
• lidocaine 
• mepivacaine
• prilocaine

3. Miscellaneous :

• benzilalcohol  
• phenol
• cocaine

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